Bacterial strains active producers of nitrile hydratase and nitrilase have been obtained, investigated, and patented. Bacteria Rhodococcus sp. P1, P3, P5, and Alcaligenes sp. C-322 active producers of nitrilase have been isolated and examined;
To obtain biocatalysts based on the given strains the technology has been elaborated, and pilot plant has been constructed and set in operation. Experimental syntheses with novel biocatalysts resulted in the production of 48-52% solutions of pure acrylamide. Biocatalysts could be used in the industrial synthesis of different amides, carboxylic acids, and also in the technologies for environmental protection;
Collection of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria-destructors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls has been created and pathways of their metabolism have been examined. Genes that control initial steps of chlorobenzoic acid destruction have been cloned. Bacterial cultures that were able to completely utilize ortho-,and para-chlorinated biphenyls have been obtained. Halotolerant bacteria-destructors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been investigated. Natural microbial communities that were able to grow on naphthalene in presence of high sodium chloride concentrations have been isolated and studied. Artificial association of microorganisms that completely utilized high dichlorobiphenyls has been created and examined;
Dynamics of the frequency of spontaneous and induced mutations has been studied in cells of microorganisms. It was determined that the systems of direct repair of DNA impairments were involved into the mechanism of adaptive mutagenesis. Inhibition of transcription and induction of SOS system lowered the activity of the repair process while enhancing the tolerance to DNA impairments and SOS mutagenesis. Strains of E.coli have been constructed for direct selection of mutator phenotypes by three marker signs (direct mutation in RNA polymerase -subunit and reversion in lacl and thy genes), and also for express evaluation of SOS– system induction;
The influence of flavonoids on growth and viability of enterobacteria cells has been studied. It was determined that flavonoids exhibited the properties of mutagens of direct action. Genetic activity was dependent on their structure. Originally antimutagenic and cytoprotective effects of flavonoids have been determined and examined.
